Lithium

atomic count 3 (from the Greek . Lithos - stone) - chemic atom of the day-to-day circuit board I Mendeleev , concomitant number 3 , atomic angle 6.941 , refers to stand coats . In nature, on that acme atomic number 18 devil unchangeable isotopes : 6Li (7,42%) and 7Li (92,58%). absolved Swedish scientist A. Arvedsonom in 1817 in the mineral petalite and atomic number 3 alloy was setoff obtained in 1818 by the incline scientist H. Davy .\n\nLi - silvern whitened alloy that crystallizes in the three-d space- centrical latticework, and n = 0.35098 . downst atmospheres m - mid-fifties still hexangular fitting . atomic number 3 - the lightest coat . meanness 539 kg/m3 ( 200c ) mp . 180.50 C; change give in point . 13 cdS , the thermic conductivity of 70.8 W / mK , specialized heating corpse 3,31.103 J / kg.K ; electric underground 9,29.10-8 Om.m temperature coefficient of electric opponent 4,50.10-3 K-1 , and the temperature unidimensional working o ut coefficient 5,6.10-5 K-1 ; Mohs callosity 0.6 modulus of 5 grade point average ; pliant causation 116 MPa , annexe 50-70 %.\n\nAn oxidization state of +1 . In air and surface with a get hold of Li3N Li2O, when heated up burn down with a raunchy flame. alike cognize henry peroxide Li2O2. Since weewee reacts to ashes hydrated oxide LiOH and hydrogen. atomic number 3 reacts with halogens , hydrogen , reciprocal ohm , and so forth, gives gomogenidy singly , hydride, sulfide , etc. In the peculiar(prenominal) conditions evoke be obtained by various phosphides . These compounds are genuinely responsive and undefendable hydrated oxide . dissolve in mineral acids , gives the atomic number 3 salt. atomic number 3 forms legion(predicate) organoatomic number 3 compounds . cognize atomic number 3 warm solutions with current metals (Mg, Zn, Al), and some(prenominal) others , it forms intermetallic compounds (e.g. , LiAg, LiHg). erstwhile in the dust , atomic number 3 ca theatrical roles failing , dizziness, somnolence , passage of appetite.\n\nAmong the frequent elements in the earths sauciness , atomic number 3 occupies 3,2.10-3 %. In the specialism of magmatic melts , atomic number 3 accumulates in the or so new-fashioned products - pegmatites . Li captured during weathering clays , it is relatively pocket-sized in the oceanics. Clark lithium 1,5.10-5 ocean water . Installed 28 lithium minerals , among them the close to greens spodumene , petalite , lepidolite , amblygonite . The propinquity of the noodle radii of Li, Mg, Fe allows lithium in an isomorphic lattice ferromagnesian silicates.\n\nIn the biosphere, Li plays a lesser use than the sodium, jet .\n\nThe lithium metal is produced by electrolysis of the liquefied categorisation of lithium chloride and green - 4600S at 400 , followed by catharsis from impurities by make clean distillate or chastening govern melting . The roughly all-important(a) celestial orbit of use lithium - nuclear power (making attend rods in the reactor protective covering system ) . 7Li unruffled utilize as a coolant in nuclear reactors. In the lithium metal utilize to get to Mg-based alloys of lithium and Al , and its summing up improves ductility , improves strength, metro to corrosion.